Jerusalem (Al-Quds) is located in the Jerusalem District of Palestine, at an elevation of 775 meters. In 1922, the population stood at approximately 28,607 residents. By 1945, this had grown substantially to 157,080 people. The city experienced continued growth, with the population reaching 254,387 by 1997.
Prior to the Nakba, land ownership was distributed among different groups. Arab landholdings comprised 11,420 dunums, Jewish ownership accounted for 5,452 dunums, and public lands totaled 3,918 dunums, for a combined total of 20,790 dunums. Within the armistice area, 1,562 dunums were subsequently usurped.
The city experienced significant military operations during the 1948 conflict, including operations labeled Yevussi, Qilshon, Schiffon, and Qedem. Jerusalem holds profound religious importance as home to major Islamic, Christian, and Jewish holy sites, including the Al-Aqsa Mosque, the Dome of the Rock, the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, and numerous other sacred locations spanning centuries of spiritual tradition.
